Chain
buckets
English patent
(1832) in which a verbose description is given of chain buckets driven
by water from a tank, which revolves a R geared wheel and pinion and by
a cam sustains the vibration of a heavy pendulum, to which is attached
a sector beam, pump chains, and counterweights that operate pumps for
returning the water to the upper tank.

(Subsection 944, from
p.378)
From: Gardner D. Hiscox, M.E., Mechanical Appliances and Novelties of Construction (1927), Norman W. Henley Publ. Co.

In science it often happens that scientists say, 'You know that's a really good argument; my position is mistaken,' and then they would actually change their minds and you never hear that old view from them again. They really do it. It doesn't happen as often as it should, because scientists are human and change is sometimes painful. But it happens every day. I cannot recall the last time something like that happened in politics or religion. (1987) -- Carl Sagan