The next lower one has a unit of upward force equal to the condensation of its bulk of water, and so on, each adding a unit to the upward tendency, until we come to the last, the pressure on which is altogether downward to the amount of the entire column of water; but we already have a number of opposing upward forces, and when we look on the other side and see the thirteen active weights, it seems clear that there will be a large surplus weight, over and above the opposing weight and the friction of the rollers and upper wheel. The weights were to pass through an elastic cylinder at the bottom.