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48. Pilgrim's Progress
In early Boston there was very little money -
most business was
conducted on a barter basis. As an example, a carpenter would make a
bench and take some beaver skins for pay; these in turn would be
shipped to England or traded for some other commodities. Because money
was scarce, wages were low. A skilled workman would get two shillings
or about 50 cents a day. But in those days food was also cheap - those
two shillings would buy a thirty pound Thanksgiving turkey! Wages and
prices, then as now, followed economic law and adjusted themselves to
each other
Clothing, like the furniture, was in most cases home made. In
every house there were a hand loom and a spinning wheel. The
housewife's duties, like her husband's, began at daybreak and went on
until after dark - cooking, spinning, weaving, making clothes; and,
very often she had to be the family doctor even to the extent of
preparing her own medicines. As one historian puts it, "The basic
principles of human conduct in the Puritan civilization were Work and
Piety."
It is difficult for us today to realize that
this was America
three centuries ago. Try to imagine ourselves in that civilization with
no transportation, or communication, no stoves, furnaces or running
water. There were no newspapers, telegraph or telephone.
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