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Global flash droughts expected to increase in a warming climate
Researchers have published new findings on how our warming climate will affect the frequency of flash droughts and the risk to croplands globally. 05/26/2023 06:32 PM
Bird brains can flick switch to perceive Earth's magnetic field
Study from researchers at Western's Advanced Facility for Avian Research (AFAR), home to the world's first hypobaric climatic wind tunnel for bird flight, explores a brain region called cluster N that migratory birds use to perceive Earth's magnetic field. The team discovered the region is activated very flexibly, meaning these birds have an ability to process, or ignore, geomagnetic information, just as you may attend to music when you are interested or tune it out when you are not. 05/26/2023 06:32 PM
Absolute vs. relative efficiency: How efficient are blue LEDs, actually?
The absolute internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of indium gallium nitride (InGaN) based blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) at low temperatures is often assumed to be 100%. However, a new study has found that the assumption of always perfect IQE is wrong: the IQE of an LED can be as low as 27.5%. 05/26/2023 06:32 PM
Emergence of solvated dielectrons observed for the first time
Scientists generate low-energy electrons using ultraviolet light. 05/26/2023 02:22 PM
Protein-based nano-'computer' evolves in ability to influence cell behavior
The first protein-based nano-computing agent that functions as a circuit has been created. The milestone puts them one step closer to developing next-generation cell-based therapies to treat diseases like diabetes and cancer. 05/26/2023 02:22 PM
Robots and Rights: Confucianism Offers Alternative
As robots assume more roles in the world, a new analysis reviewed research on robot rights, concluding that granting rights to robots is a bad idea. Instead, the article looks to Confucianism to offer an alternative. 05/25/2023 02:15 PM
Research offers clues for potential widespread HIV cure in people
New animal research is helping explain why at least five people have become HIV-free after receiving a stem cell transplant, and may bring scientists closer to developing what they hope will be a widespread cure for the virus that causes AIDS. A new study describes how two nonhuman primates were cured of the monkey form of HIV after receiving a stem cell transplant. It also reveals that two circumstances must co-exist for a cure to occur and documents the order in which HIV is cleared from the body. 05/25/2023 02:15 PM
Astronomers discover a key planetary system to understand the formation mechanism of the mysterious 'super-Earths'
A study presents the detection of a system of two planets slightly larger than Earth orbiting a cold star in a synchronized dance. Named TOI-2096, the system is located 150 light-years from Earth. This system, located 150 light-years from Earth, is one of the best candidates for a detailed study of their atmosphere with the JWST space telescope. 05/25/2023 02:14 PM
Living in an almshouse boosts life expectancy
Analysing up to 100 years' worth of residents' records from various almshouses in England, new research suggests that living in these communities can reduce the negative impact on health and social wellbeing which is commonly experienced by the older population in lower socioeconomic groups, particularly those individuals who are living in isolation. 05/25/2023 02:14 PM
Making the structure of 'fire ice' with nanoparticles
Cage structures made with nanoparticles could be a route toward making organized nanostructures with mixed materials, and researchers have shown how to achieve this through computer simulations. 05/25/2023 02:14 PM
Scientists target human stomach cells for diabetes therapy
Stem cells from the human stomach can be converted into cells that secrete insulin in response to rising blood sugar levels, offering a promising approach to treating diabetes, according to a preclinical study. 05/25/2023 02:14 PM
Researchers weave deeper understanding of diverse ancestry and gene expression
Researchers is the largest of its kind that focuses on ancestry correlations with biomedical traits and the first study to examine the role of genetic variants across diverse ancestries in regulating gene expression. 05/25/2023 02:14 PM
Experimental drug inhibits or prevents diabetic eye disease
Researchers say they have evidence that an experimental drug may prevent or slow vision loss in people with diabetes. The results are from a study that used mouse as well as human retinal organoids and eye cell lines. 05/25/2023 02:14 PM
Cancers in distant organs alter liver function
Cancers often release molecules into the bloodstream that pathologically alter the liver, shifting it to an inflammatory state, causing fat buildup and impairing its normal detoxifying functions, according to a study from investigators at Weill Cornell Medicine. This discovery illuminates one of cancer's more insidious survival mechanisms and suggests the possibility of new tests and drugs for detecting and reversing this process. 05/25/2023 02:14 PM
Researchers identify potential new treatment for those who act out their dreams while sleeping
Experts say medication commonly used to treat insomnia may also be a therapeutic option for the condition known as REM sleep behavior disorder. 05/25/2023 02:14 PM
Words matter: How researchers can avoid stigmatizing language
New research offers insights into how researchers can use their platforms to help end the use of stigmatizing language. 05/25/2023 02:14 PM
Arctic ground squirrels changing hibernation patterns
New research analyzes more than 25 years of climate and biological data. The findings include shorter hibernation periods in arctic ground squirrels, as well as differences between male and female hibernation periods. 05/25/2023 02:13 PM
River erosion can shape fish evolution
A new study of the freshwater greenfin darter fish suggests river erosion can be a driver of biodiversity in tectonically inactive regions. 05/25/2023 02:13 PM
How sweet it is: The fruit fly gut influences reproduction by 'tasting' fructose
A research group has found that in fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster), circulating fructose derived from dietary sugar is needed for enhanced egg production after mating. In this species, circulating fructose is required for an increase in germline stem cells, which divide into reproductive cells. This increase leads to enhanced post-mating egg production. These findings may help to determine whether fructose influences the reproduction of mammals, including humans. 05/25/2023 02:13 PM
Researchers successfully induce primate oocytes in the lab
The many types of cells in the human body are produced through the process of differentiation, in which stem cells are converted to more specialized types. Currently, it is challenging for researchers to control the differentiation of stem cells in the lab (in vitro). Of particular interest are oocytes, which are female germ cells that develop into eggs. Understanding their development could have far-ranging impacts, from infertility treatment to conservation of endangered species. A new study has successfully induced meiotic (dividing) oocytes from the embryonic stem cells of cynomolgus monkeys, which share many physiological traits with humans. By establishing a culture method for inducing the differentiation of meiotic oocytes, the researchers aimed to shed light on germ cell development in both humans and other primates. 05/25/2023 02:13 PM
from ScienceDaily
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